There are two forms of the Chicago referencing style – a footnote version and an author-date version. UTS supports the footnote version. For author-date styles, UTS supports APA and Harvard UTS.
Guidance on how to write and reference in the Chicago style can be found in the library's online copy of the Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition.
In-text
Satterfield notes that when Livy mentions the Pax Deum, it is always in the context of a life-or-death scenario.1
Footnote
1. Susan Satterfield, "Livy and the Pax Deum," Classical Philology 111, no.2 (April 2016): 170.
Repeated abbreviated footnote
4. Satterfield, "Livy," 172-73.
Bibliography
Satterfield, Susan. “Livy and the Pax Deum.” Classical Philology 111, no. 2 (April 2016): 165–76.
Whilst you are writing:
Indicate a paraphrased reference or quote with a raised (superscript) number beginning with the number 1 then 2, 3, 4, cont. for the subsequent references. Generally you place the superscript number after the full stop at the end of the sentence you are writing. Learn more about note numbers.
In the footnotes under the main body of text, provide a matching reference entry, using a full sized number followed by a full stop. When repeating a citation, it is common to abbreviate the subsequent footnote entries. See a sample footnote section.
At the end of your document:
Reference lists are called Bibliographies in the Chicago style, and are arranged in alphabetical order by author’s family name. See a sample bibliography.
Example footnotes
Below are some examples of footnote citations in the Chicago style.
_________________
1. Susan Satterfield, "Livy and the Pax Deum," Classical Philology 111, no.2 (April 2016): 170.
2. “About Yale: Yale Facts,” Yale University, accessed May 1, 2017, https://www.yale.edu/about-yale/yale-facts.
3. Zadie Smith, Swing Time (New York: Penguin Press, 2016), 315–16.
4. Satterfield, “Livy,” 172–73.
5. Pete Souza (@petesouza), “President Obama bids farewell to President Xi of China at the conclusion of the Nuclear Security Summit,” Instagram photo, April 1, 2016, https://www.instagram.com/p/BDrmfXTtNCt/.
6. Henry David Thoreau, “Walking,” in The Making of the American Essay, ed. John D’Agata (Minneapolis: Graywolf Press, 2016), 177–78.
These are examples of different sources, select a source below to learn how to reference it.
1. is a Journal Article, 2. is a Web page, 3. is a Book, 4. is a short-form repeated footnote of Reference 1, 5. is Social Media (which does not require referencing in the bibliography) and 6. is a Book Chapter.
Bibliographies
When a reference is more than one line long, the extra lines are normally indented by a tab space (this is called a 'hanging indent'). If you are using Microsoft Word you can create a hanging indent with CTRL-T or Command-T, or alternatively you can change the ruler or paragraph settings. Here is a bibliography for the footnoted citations seen above:
Bibliography
Satterfield, Susan. “Livy and the Pax Deum.” Classical Philology 111, no. 2 (April 2016): 165-76.
Smith, Zadie. Swing Time. New York: Penguin Press, 2016.
Thoreau, Henry David. “Walking.” In The Making of the American Essay, edited by John D’Agata, 167-95. Minneapolis: Graywolf Press, 2016.
Yale University. "About Yale: Yale Facts." Accessed May 1, 2017. https://www.yale.edu/about-yale/yale-facts.
Links to helpful guides
- Journal Articles in the Chicago style
- Websites and social media in the Chicago style
- Books in the Chicago style
- Book chapters in the Chicago style
- Audiovisual in the Chicago style
- News articles in the Chicago style
- Interview and personal communication in the Chicago style
To view all reference types, please scroll down the Online Chicago Manual of Style: Table of Contents.
Please Ask a Librarian if you need more help, or book a consultation with a referencing team Librarian.